1. Revenue

Airport charges

The activities of the Aviation business area (at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol) are regulated. Under the Aviation Act, Schiphol Group must settle surpluses and deficits from specified income and expenses with the airlines. In accordance with the accounting policies, surpluses and deficits eligible for settlement in the airport charge rates are not presented as assets and liabilities in the balance sheet. There was a surplus for the 2016 financial year of 54.5 million euros, which was included in the charges as from 1 April 2018. For the 2017 financial year the surplus amounted to 22.2 million euros, which will be included in the charges for the 2019-2021 period. An amount to the value of approximately plus or minus 2 million euros will be reflected within the airport charges set for the 2020-2022 period.

Concessions

Schiphol Group's Concessions reporting segment, which is part of the Consumer Products & Services business area, had 111 effective concession contracts in 2018 (2017: 106) for a range of commercial activities at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. The following table provides an overview of the period to expiry of these contracts:

Revenue of 15.7 million euros from concessions included in the Aviation segment (15.2 million euros in 2017) and 7.0 million euros in the Parking segment (6.1 million euros in 2017) relates to concession agreements for the third-party supply of aviation fuel and car rental services at the airport respectively. Concession revenue received from Schiphol Airport Retail B.V. is 28.5 million euros (2017: 29.2 million euros).

Rent and leases

The average occupancy in the Real Estate segment was 91.1% 2018 (89.6% in 2017). The following table provides an overview of the moment at which the current rent and lease contracts will expire for activities at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol:

Property management expenses divided into occupied and unoccupied buildings can be broken down as follows:

If buildings are partially leased, the property management expenses have been apportioned based on floor area.

Parking fees

Parking revenues at other locations relate to parking at the airports in Rotterdam, Eindhoven and Lelystad and are included in the Domestic Airports segment.

As part of the business parking fees an amount of 4.9 million euros (2017: 4.4 million euros) is obtained from investment properties of the Real Estate business area. The income is related to the objects included in note 11. Investment property.

Other activities

Schiphol Hotel Holding B.V. was sold on 13 December 2017. Of the 2017 total revenue from hotel activities, 29.8 million euros was realised by the Hilton Hotel. The revenue-related cost of the hotel activities is included in the operating expenses under 'Outsourcing and other external costs'.